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Open-Source – Principles, Standard Requirements, Philosophy, Platform & Freedom

 Open-Source – Principles, Standard Requirements, Philosophy, Platform & Freedom

Open Source:

  • The term open source means people can modify and share because it is publicly accessible.
  • It allows anyone to view, modify, and distribute it.

History: 

  • The concept of open-source software emerged in the late 20th century.
  • In 1985, Richard Stallman founded the free software movement.
  • The Free Software Foundation (FSF) is a non-profit organization founded by Richard Stallman on October 4, 1985, to support free software.
    • 1983 – Richard Stallman formed the GNU project.
    • 1985 – Creation of Free Software Foundation.
    • 1991 – Development of Linux kernel by Linus Torvalds.
    • 1998 – Open-Source Initiative (OSI) formed by Eric Raymond.

Examples of Open Source:

  • Operating System - Linux, FreeBSD
  • Web server - Apache HTTP Server
  • Programming languages - Python, PHP, Perl
  • Content management systems - Joomla, WordPress
  • Web browser - Mozilla Firefox
  • Application - VLC media player

Types of Open-Source Licenses:

  • GNU GPL
  • MIT License
  • Apache License
  • BSD License
  • Mozilla Public License

Principles of Open Source:

  • Free Redistribution.
  • Availability of Open-Source Source Code.
  • Allow Derived Works.
  • The integrity of The Author’s Source Code is maintained. 
  • No Discrimination Against Persons or Groups.
  • Distribution of Licenses available.
  • License Must Not be Specific to a Product.
  • License Must Not Restrict Other Software.
  • The license Must Be Technology-Neutral.
  • Respect for Privacy.
  • Interoperability.
  • Global Accessibility.
  • Community Participation.
  • Compatibility with Open Standards.
  • Transparent Community Governance. 

Standard Requirements:

  1. Source Code is available to users to view, modify, and distribute it.
  2. Users must have the freedom to use the software without limitations.
  3. Users should be allowed to modify the source code to create derivative works.
  4. Users must have the right to distribute copies of the software to others.
  5. The license must not discriminate against any individual or group.
  6. Users should not pay fees for the distribution or use of the software.
  7. The license must not restrict the use of specific technologies.
  8. The license must remain the same for the software and its derivatives.

Open-Source Philosophy:

The open-source philosophy is a set of principles that support the open-source software movement.
  • Collaboration: Open source encourages collaboration among developers, and users to share knowledge, ideas, and code.
  • Transparency: Transparency builds trust leading to higher-quality software.
  • Freedom: Open source has the freedom to use, study, modify, and distribute the software.
  • Accessibility: Open source promotes accessibility by making software freely available to everyone.
  • Community: Community is at the heart of the open-source philosophy. Community members collaborate, share knowledge, and provide support.

Open-Source Platform:

  1. Operating System - Linux, FreeBSD
  2. Web server - Apache HTTP Server
  3. Programming languages - Python, PHP, Perl
  4. Content management systems - Joomla, WordPress
  5. Web browser - Mozilla Firefox
  6. Application - VLC media player

Open-Source Freedom:

  1. Freedom to Use.
  2. Freedom to Study.
  3. Freedom to Modify.
  4. Freedom to Distribute.
  5. Freedom to Contribute.
  6. Freedom to Innovate.
  7. Freedom to Share.
  8. Freedom of Access.
  9. Freedom of Community support.
  10. Freedom of Transparency.
  11. Freedom of Learning.
  12. Freedom of Choice.

Advantages of Open Source:

  • Lower Software Costs.
  • Lower Hardware Costs.
  • Simplified License Management.
  • Support is freely available.
  • Quality Software.




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